LESSON 10 - MY CORRECTED VISION
Vision is a blessing; other individuals cannot physically see but can see and understand things in their brains and hearts. Looking into my parent’s eyes, especially my mum is the purest love you will find on this Earth.
Our parents are our backbone. At first, they give you life by bringing you into this world and; then they try to give their life. Love. Sacrifice. Time. Commitment. The structure of the eye is fascinating because the way we can see things connects with the brain in how we understand matter and the world around us. The medical illustrations of the eye contain various structural components that can teach us many lessons.
We all have a vision for our futures - there is a reliance on the Almighty for He is aware of the Unseen. To have a vision and goal, we need to learn new facts, learn from our mistakes, gratitude in our blessings, be patient in all circumstances, have hope for the future, motivation to move forward, an action plan to act upon, a backup plan if the initial plan does not work out to reduce the number of risks. This is needed to turn a dream and aim into a reality.
The eye is a ball with two chambers: anterior (front) and posterior (back). The anterior chamber consists of the iris and; the cornea has a clear fluid called the aqueous humour. The cornea is a transparent layer of the eye. The sclera is a white, tough, fibrous layer where the eyes can enter the eye sockets positioned with anterior muscles.
The fovea centralis plays a role in visual performance and contains dense cones and six skeletal muscles that attach to each eyeball to control the slow and fast (saccades) movement of the eyes keeping a focused point on the fovea centralis.
The iris is associated with the eye colour and; controls how much light enters through the pupil. It is surrounded by the suspensory ligaments (zonular fibres) and the ciliary muscle. There are two rings of smooth muscle in the iris, circular and radial muscles, innervated by the autonomic nerves. The eye colour is not important, but the opaque material prevents damage because of the amount of light that passes through.
In the presence of bright light, the iris decreases the size of the diameter of the pupil, this is where the circular muscle contracts to reduce the amount of light that enters; this protects the retina from damage. In the presence of dim light, the iris increases the size of the pupil and the radial muscle contracts.
Similarly, when we have a vision, there needs to be the right amount of light to go through to achieve it, the right amount of time, energy, faith, commitment and support because an imbalance in the amount of light that enters can influence the vision you have in life. The coronavirus pandemic has affected everyone but for me, it was a more positive turning point where the majority of things that I wanted to achieve I did not.
Some of my readers may assume how was it a positive point?.
I thanked Allah more for it may be a blessing in disguise. More gratitude regardless of the size, I began to walk away from things that cannot be changed, not get upset from people who did not believe in my abilities, give the benefit of the doubts, learn to say goodbyes and the meaning of self-love. The arousing atmosphere of being surrounded by my family, seeking knowledge, trying to be good and increasing my relationship with the Almighty further treated the aches of disappointments and tears of failure. It corrected my vision and focus as time passed.
The posterior chamber is between the lens and the retina. There is a viscous (sticky) substance called vitreous humour. The lens is a crystalline structure and varies its diameter based on the distance of an object controlled by the ciliary muscle. The retina contains photoreceptor cells (cone and rod cells).
There are two segments found in the photoreceptor cells: the inner and the outer segment. The outer segment contains membranes called discs and the inner segment, contains organelles such as the nucleus and mitochondria. The nucleus controls the activities of the cell; the mitochondria provide energy. The axon terminal connects the receptor to the neuron (nerve cell) in the retina that transmits information.
The light-sensitive discs are away from the light and vary in the rod and cone cells. In the cone cells, the discs are found on the plasma membrane and are found inside the rod cells. The light-sensitive areas are protected by a darkly pigmented choroid layer that absorbs the light rays at the back of the eye. The cone cells are less sensitive and responsive to bright light.
The photoreceptors contain four pigments that absorb light. Rhodopsin is found in rod cells; the other pigments are in each type of cone cell. The pigments in the photoreceptors are bound to membrane proteins called opsins. There is a chemical called a retinal chromophore that is light sensitive.
There are four types of opsins and the way each opsin is bound varies. Depending on the intensity of the light, the photoreceptor depolarises or decreases its activity at rest in the dark and; when there is more light, it becomes hyperpolarised (more activity).
The enzyme guanylate cyclase is bound to the membrane in absence of light. It changes guanosine triphosphate (a phosphorylated nucleotide) into a secondary messenger called cyclic guanosine monophosphate GMP (cGMP). The role of the cGMP is to maintain the ion channels in the outer segment of the photoreceptor cells that allows sodium and calcium ions to enter. There are high levels of cGMP activity in the dark.
However, when it is light, the retinal molecules ignite an interaction between the G protein, transducin, which activates the enzyme phosphodiesterase. It decreases the level of cGMP activity that closes the ion channels and causes the membranes of the photoreceptors to hyperpolarise.
In response to light, the way the eye signals from one protein to other proteins illustrates the true meaning of connection and balance. In many scenarios, to succeed something requires hard work. Once someone said, “I work hard but no result”. I began to process each letter of each phrase and through my vision, and the way I see things is that all that matters is the transparency of my intention; the result I seek is from Him. One day, a person pushes you up, then another day they push you down and; it directs you to try and please them and not for the sake of Him (Allah) for whom you are doing it for. This has occurred through life experiences in the outside world. This is where renewal of the intention comes into existence.
My parents corrected my vision and advised me to try my best but you cannot always fulfil it the way you hoped to, no matter how much effort you intended. Please, Allah. This is why self-reflection is necessary, listen to feedback but take what matters and what you can do.
Falling over, again and again. I had to pick myself up, strengthen myself, not expect anything and try to be the best version of myself. Believe in my abilities. Trusting myself. Be in the company that truly want the best for you and; that is no one other than your parents’ lap. The most comforting place regardless of the age, their soft hands on my forehead, wiping all the negativity away from me and reminding me that they love me for who I am and what I am and that they are pleased with me is the best award in life. My husband boosted my confidence significantly keep pushing me forward every time I fall over. One can learn from their true friends and colleagues too.
This is why it is important to monitor the distance and relations with people in general. How the eye responds to near and distant objects is a good way of representing this. Light waves can pass through and diverge in a dense medium such as glass or water where refraction (bending of the light) occurs to provide an accurate image of the object. It is estimated that around 60% of light refraction occurs on passing through the cornea. If the image is far away, the ciliary muscle relaxes the suspensory ligaments contract and stretches, thus causing the lens to become thin.
On the other hand, the opposite occurs when the image is near, the ciliary muscle contracts, the suspensory ligaments relax for the lens to become more round. To sharpen the image, the pupil becomes smaller in response to the parasympathetic nerves.
The closest relationship that one should build with is Allah (The Most High) – this is my belief. Some of us are nearsighted who can see near but not far-sighted (myopic) and; some can see far-sighted (hyperopic). The ultimate focal point is to trust Allah in all matters even when planning and executing actions and; to correct the intention and vision where necessary.
Our thoughts and experiences with others are processed in the direction one chooses to go and informed decisions. The optic disc carries information from the photoreceptors of the retina and exits it via the optic nerve. To be more specific, the ganglion cell axons (cranial nerve II) form the optic nerves. The two nerves meet at the bottom of the brain to form an optic chiasm where some information travel to each part of the brain in the optic tract to process information.
One of the ways is how the lateral geniculate nucleus of the thalamus transfers information to the visual cortex in the brain is in a parallel pathway to give a conscious sight about the line, colour, movement and contrast. The intensity of the light is monitored by the suprachiasmatic nucleus situated near the optic chiasm.
Overall, I hope you enjoyed the Friday Inspirational ten-part series, Life lessons through anatomy that may have brought thought and reflection and to see how science and medicine taught us all only if we looked more closely at their connection.
A special thanks to all who supported me from my cradle to my current existence, you have been a positive existence that either inspired me or taught me a lesson.
I look forward to the unknown, exciting adventures on my journey.
Our parents are our backbone. At first, they give you life by bringing you into this world and; then they try to give their life. Love. Sacrifice. Time. Commitment. The structure of the eye is fascinating because the way we can see things connects with the brain in how we understand matter and the world around us. The medical illustrations of the eye contain various structural components that can teach us many lessons.
We all have a vision for our futures - there is a reliance on the Almighty for He is aware of the Unseen. To have a vision and goal, we need to learn new facts, learn from our mistakes, gratitude in our blessings, be patient in all circumstances, have hope for the future, motivation to move forward, an action plan to act upon, a backup plan if the initial plan does not work out to reduce the number of risks. This is needed to turn a dream and aim into a reality.
The eye is a ball with two chambers: anterior (front) and posterior (back). The anterior chamber consists of the iris and; the cornea has a clear fluid called the aqueous humour. The cornea is a transparent layer of the eye. The sclera is a white, tough, fibrous layer where the eyes can enter the eye sockets positioned with anterior muscles.
The fovea centralis plays a role in visual performance and contains dense cones and six skeletal muscles that attach to each eyeball to control the slow and fast (saccades) movement of the eyes keeping a focused point on the fovea centralis.
The iris is associated with the eye colour and; controls how much light enters through the pupil. It is surrounded by the suspensory ligaments (zonular fibres) and the ciliary muscle. There are two rings of smooth muscle in the iris, circular and radial muscles, innervated by the autonomic nerves. The eye colour is not important, but the opaque material prevents damage because of the amount of light that passes through.
In the presence of bright light, the iris decreases the size of the diameter of the pupil, this is where the circular muscle contracts to reduce the amount of light that enters; this protects the retina from damage. In the presence of dim light, the iris increases the size of the pupil and the radial muscle contracts.
Similarly, when we have a vision, there needs to be the right amount of light to go through to achieve it, the right amount of time, energy, faith, commitment and support because an imbalance in the amount of light that enters can influence the vision you have in life. The coronavirus pandemic has affected everyone but for me, it was a more positive turning point where the majority of things that I wanted to achieve I did not.
Some of my readers may assume how was it a positive point?.
I thanked Allah more for it may be a blessing in disguise. More gratitude regardless of the size, I began to walk away from things that cannot be changed, not get upset from people who did not believe in my abilities, give the benefit of the doubts, learn to say goodbyes and the meaning of self-love. The arousing atmosphere of being surrounded by my family, seeking knowledge, trying to be good and increasing my relationship with the Almighty further treated the aches of disappointments and tears of failure. It corrected my vision and focus as time passed.
The posterior chamber is between the lens and the retina. There is a viscous (sticky) substance called vitreous humour. The lens is a crystalline structure and varies its diameter based on the distance of an object controlled by the ciliary muscle. The retina contains photoreceptor cells (cone and rod cells).
There are two segments found in the photoreceptor cells: the inner and the outer segment. The outer segment contains membranes called discs and the inner segment, contains organelles such as the nucleus and mitochondria. The nucleus controls the activities of the cell; the mitochondria provide energy. The axon terminal connects the receptor to the neuron (nerve cell) in the retina that transmits information.
The light-sensitive discs are away from the light and vary in the rod and cone cells. In the cone cells, the discs are found on the plasma membrane and are found inside the rod cells. The light-sensitive areas are protected by a darkly pigmented choroid layer that absorbs the light rays at the back of the eye. The cone cells are less sensitive and responsive to bright light.
The photoreceptors contain four pigments that absorb light. Rhodopsin is found in rod cells; the other pigments are in each type of cone cell. The pigments in the photoreceptors are bound to membrane proteins called opsins. There is a chemical called a retinal chromophore that is light sensitive.
There are four types of opsins and the way each opsin is bound varies. Depending on the intensity of the light, the photoreceptor depolarises or decreases its activity at rest in the dark and; when there is more light, it becomes hyperpolarised (more activity).
The enzyme guanylate cyclase is bound to the membrane in absence of light. It changes guanosine triphosphate (a phosphorylated nucleotide) into a secondary messenger called cyclic guanosine monophosphate GMP (cGMP). The role of the cGMP is to maintain the ion channels in the outer segment of the photoreceptor cells that allows sodium and calcium ions to enter. There are high levels of cGMP activity in the dark.
However, when it is light, the retinal molecules ignite an interaction between the G protein, transducin, which activates the enzyme phosphodiesterase. It decreases the level of cGMP activity that closes the ion channels and causes the membranes of the photoreceptors to hyperpolarise.
In response to light, the way the eye signals from one protein to other proteins illustrates the true meaning of connection and balance. In many scenarios, to succeed something requires hard work. Once someone said, “I work hard but no result”. I began to process each letter of each phrase and through my vision, and the way I see things is that all that matters is the transparency of my intention; the result I seek is from Him. One day, a person pushes you up, then another day they push you down and; it directs you to try and please them and not for the sake of Him (Allah) for whom you are doing it for. This has occurred through life experiences in the outside world. This is where renewal of the intention comes into existence.
My parents corrected my vision and advised me to try my best but you cannot always fulfil it the way you hoped to, no matter how much effort you intended. Please, Allah. This is why self-reflection is necessary, listen to feedback but take what matters and what you can do.
Falling over, again and again. I had to pick myself up, strengthen myself, not expect anything and try to be the best version of myself. Believe in my abilities. Trusting myself. Be in the company that truly want the best for you and; that is no one other than your parents’ lap. The most comforting place regardless of the age, their soft hands on my forehead, wiping all the negativity away from me and reminding me that they love me for who I am and what I am and that they are pleased with me is the best award in life. My husband boosted my confidence significantly keep pushing me forward every time I fall over. One can learn from their true friends and colleagues too.
This is why it is important to monitor the distance and relations with people in general. How the eye responds to near and distant objects is a good way of representing this. Light waves can pass through and diverge in a dense medium such as glass or water where refraction (bending of the light) occurs to provide an accurate image of the object. It is estimated that around 60% of light refraction occurs on passing through the cornea. If the image is far away, the ciliary muscle relaxes the suspensory ligaments contract and stretches, thus causing the lens to become thin.
On the other hand, the opposite occurs when the image is near, the ciliary muscle contracts, the suspensory ligaments relax for the lens to become more round. To sharpen the image, the pupil becomes smaller in response to the parasympathetic nerves.
The closest relationship that one should build with is Allah (The Most High) – this is my belief. Some of us are nearsighted who can see near but not far-sighted (myopic) and; some can see far-sighted (hyperopic). The ultimate focal point is to trust Allah in all matters even when planning and executing actions and; to correct the intention and vision where necessary.
Our thoughts and experiences with others are processed in the direction one chooses to go and informed decisions. The optic disc carries information from the photoreceptors of the retina and exits it via the optic nerve. To be more specific, the ganglion cell axons (cranial nerve II) form the optic nerves. The two nerves meet at the bottom of the brain to form an optic chiasm where some information travel to each part of the brain in the optic tract to process information.
One of the ways is how the lateral geniculate nucleus of the thalamus transfers information to the visual cortex in the brain is in a parallel pathway to give a conscious sight about the line, colour, movement and contrast. The intensity of the light is monitored by the suprachiasmatic nucleus situated near the optic chiasm.
Overall, I hope you enjoyed the Friday Inspirational ten-part series, Life lessons through anatomy that may have brought thought and reflection and to see how science and medicine taught us all only if we looked more closely at their connection.
A special thanks to all who supported me from my cradle to my current existence, you have been a positive existence that either inspired me or taught me a lesson.
I look forward to the unknown, exciting adventures on my journey.